Falls are the number one reason for both fatal and non-fatal injuries in adults over the age of 65. The Centers for Disease Control recently reported that one third of adults over the age of 65 fall each year and cost the US healthcare system $19 billion in medical expenses. Falls can affect an individual's quality of life, physical functioning and emotional well being. While it is true that falls are more likely to occur in the elder population, it is not a normal consequence of aging.

There are four bodily systems that contribute to balance: strength, sensation, vision and vestibular (inner ear). If one of these systems is weaker than the others, balance can be affected. For example, if you have neuropathy, pain or numbness in your feet, it may be difficult to feel the bottom of your feet. This makes it challenging for your body to react properly to changes in balance.

There are a number of steps you can take to prevent a fall.

• Exercise often: regular activity will help to keep your muscles strong and flexible
• Vision: wear proper eye wear and turn on a light when walking at night
• Home safety: remove throw rugs, install grab bars in the shower, use a railing when going up and down steps, and clear clutter out of walkways

Seek treatment for dizziness: a medication review with your physician may eliminate the problem if this is a side effect. If you are diagnosed with vertigo, you may need a prescription, or a referral to a physical therapist who can guide you through treatments and help you return to you previous level of functioning.

If you are experiencing a change in your body's functions such as unsteadiness, weakness, or dizziness, you may benefit from physical therapy. If you find it too difficult to attend outpatient physical therapy, you may benefit from a home care physical therapist. This is a good option for people who find it too taxing to leave their home after surgery or a hospital stay. It is also a benefit that is completely covered by Medicare Part A.

This article was provided by guest author Jennifer McKenzie, DPT, Safe Strides Director at Gentiva ®. Gentiva Health Services can be reached at 607-771-8791.